JIND, India — India launched its first hydrogen-powered passenger train on Friday, marking a milestone in the country's efforts to reduce emissions from rail transport and expand the use of cleaner energy technologies across one of the world's largest railway networks.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off the indigenously developed train, branded "NaMo Green Rail," at Jind railway station in the northern state of Haryana. The pilot service will operate on the Jind-Sonipat section of Northern Railway, a route that officials say will demonstrate the viability of hydrogen fuel cell technology on non-electrified lines.
According to the Ministry of Railways, the train consists of two hydrogen-powered driving cars and eight passenger coaches, with capacity for about 2,600 passengers and a maximum operating speed of 75 kph (47 mph). The project also includes dedicated hydrogen storage and refueling infrastructure to support operations.
Hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, producing water vapor as the primary emission at the point of use. Railway officials say the technology offers a cleaner alternative to diesel-powered trains, particularly on routes where full electrification is not practical.
The launch forms part of India's broader clean energy strategy and its commitment to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2070. Indian Railways has expanded electrification rapidly in recent years, reducing reliance on diesel locomotives while exploring alternative technologies for remaining routes.
The hydrogen-powered train was developed domestically by Indian Railways as a pilot project following trials and regulatory approvals earlier this year. Officials have said the initiative is intended to assess operational performance, safety and maintenance requirements before any wider deployment is considered. The train incorporates multiple safety systems designed to detect hydrogen leaks, heat, smoke and flames, according to the Ministry of Railways.
India joins a small group of countries operating hydrogen-powered passenger trains, as governments and rail operators seek lower-emission alternatives for sections of rail networks that remain unelectrified. While hydrogen technology has attracted growing interest globally, its wider adoption depends on the availability of hydrogen production and refueling infrastructure as well as operating costs.
The Ministry of Railways said the Jind-Sonipat service will continue as a pilot operation while officials monitor its performance and evaluate future applications of hydrogen-powered rail technology.
